Diffusion, and More of Capillarity

Activity No. __

Diffusion

I. Materials

Atsuete seeds

Glass with tap water

II. Procedure

1. Half fill a glass with tap water.

2. Add squeezed atsuete seeds. Observe.

III. Observation

Draw the glass before and after the activity.

IV. Analysis

1. Describe what happens to the water.

2. What is diffusion?

V. Application

1. Cite three everyday situations where diffusion happens.

Activity No. ___

More of capillarity

I. Materials

Beaker

Red food color

Stalks of celery

Knife

II. Procedure

1. Fill up the beaker with water. Put food color.

2. Cut stalks of celery about 10 centimeters long.

3. Dip the stalks into the beaker. Mark the water level.

4. Set aside the setup for 10 minutes or longer. Observe.

III. Observation

Draw what happened to the stalks of celery

IV. Analysis

1. What happened to the amount of water after the celery stalks have been dipped for 10 minutes?

Do you see part of the celery acquiring color? Describe.

Chemical basis of life

Activity No. ___

Chemical basis of life

I. Materials

Flash cards of the following words:

Manila paper

Marking pen

Tape

II. Procedure

1. Small-Group Discussion

Discuss among each group mates the reading selection on The Chemical Basis of Life. Name the common elements and compounds found in living things. Differentiate between organic and inorganic compounds.

2. Reporting Back

Construct a concept map using the flashcards and Manila paper. Then present it to your classmates.

III. Analysis

Illustrate your group’s concept map then write a brief explanation.

Cheek Cells

Activity No. ___

Cheek Cells

I. Materials

Microscope Medicine dropper

Cover slip Gentian violet

Glass slide Toothpicks

Nail polish Water

II. Procedure

1. Gently scrape the lining of your inner cheek with the flat end of a clean toothpick. Do not hurt yourself by puncturing your cheeks.

2. Stir the cheek material into the glass slide in order to separate the cheek cells.

3. Place a drop of gentian violet into the prepared glass slide to make the colorless protoplasm visible. Let it stand for about 5 seconds.

4. Gently wash the slide with water to remove the excess stain. Do not directly touch the stained cell. Let it totally dry.

5. Apply a drop of nail polish on the specimen then immediately cover it with a cover slip. Let it dry.

6. Examine your cheek cells under the microscope.

7. The dark spot in your cheek cells is the nucleus. Locate and label it on your sketch.

8. Examine the cytoplasm around the nucleus of the cheek cells. Label it on your sketch.

9. Locate the cell membrane surrounding the cytoplasm. Label it.

III. Data and observation

Sketch your own cheek cells then label it.

IV. Analysis

1. How are the animal cell and the plant cell similar?

2. How does the animal cell differ from the plant cell?

V. Application

1. Could one of the animal cells exist in the environment of a plant cell?

2. Trees like the giant redwood trees grow so large and tall. Why?

Making Cell Model

Activity No. ___

Making Cell Model

I. Materials

Bar of white soap

Pins or nail pusher

Knife or any carving tools

Coloring materials (paint, water color, pens)

Picture of plant and animal cell

II. Procedure

1. Observe the picture showing their parts. Differentiate plant from animal cell.

2. Using a knife, start carving the soap by copying the shape of the cell from the picture. Make sure to clearly identify the difference of the two soaps.

3. Carefully etch and carve the different parts of each cell using a pin or a nail pusher.

4. Color your work with the use of different paints or color pens.

III. Observation

Draw the cell model and label the parts of the plant and animal cell

IV. Application

1. How will you relate the parts of the cells and its function with you as a group?

How did you participate to your group?

Early discovery on cell

Activity No. ___

Early discovery on cell

I. Reading Selection

1. Robert Hooke (1635 – 1703) an Englishman, he coined the term “cell” when he examined a thin sliced of cork under the microscope. He observed the tiny compartment which resembles little room with surrounding walls.

2. Anton Van Leeuwenhoek (1632 – 1723) discovered bacteria and other microscopic organisms in rainwater and studied the structure of plant and animal cells.

3. Francesco Redi (1627 – 1997) and Lazzaro Spallanzani (1729 – 1799) Italian physician and biologist, disproved the Theory of Spontaneous Generation.

4. Robert Brown (1773 – 1858) a Scottish botanist, discovered the presence of nuclei within cells in 1831.

5. Felix Dujardin, a Frenchman, noted that all living things contain a thick jelly fluid which he called sarcode at that time.

6. Matthias Schleiden (1804 – 1881) and Theodor Schwann (1810 – 1882) a German botanist and zoologist, introduced the concept that all plants and animals are made up of cells.

7. Johannes Purkinje (1787 – 1869) a Czechoslovakian, coined the term protoplasm to refer to the living matter of the cell.

8. Rudolf Virchow (1821 – 1902) a German physician, found that cells divide to form new cells. He concluded that “omnis cellula e cellula” or cells come from pre-existing cells.

9. Luis Pasteur (1822 – 1895) a French chemist, supplied the proof for Virchow’s Theory of Biogenesis.

II. Guide Questions

1. Who was the first to use the term cell?

2. What did Robert Brown discovered?

3. What is the contribution of Rudolf Virchow?

4. Who discovered the presence of nuclei?

5. Who disproved the Theory of Spontaneous Generation?

6. What did Anton Van Leeuwenhoek discovered?

7. How did Johannes Purkinje describe protoplasm?

8. Who are the scientists who contributed in the formulation of cell theory?

III. Analysis

State the Cell Theory

BIOLOGY CLUB OFFICERS

BIOLOGY CLUB OFFICERS
SY 2010 – 2011


President: Ma. Xena L. Bautista

Vice-President: Marie Fichy B. Baduel

Secretary: Jane Erica A. de Ramos

Treasurer: Jamielyn A. Rosales

Auditor: Kaori Khail G. Matsubara

Buss. Mngr: Keena Garcia

Maricris Himoc

Peace Officer: Jefferson Villanueva

Princess Elaine M. Cruz

Muse: Kathleen M. de Guzman

Escort: Dennis Joshua Manabat

Microscope Activity

Activity No. ___
Compound Microscope:
Parts and Function

I. Material
Compound microscope

II. Procedure
1. Draw and label the parts of a compound microscope.
2. Fill out the table below by identifying the parts and function of the microscope.

Parts of microscope Functions
I. Illuminating Parts
II. Magnifying Parts
III. Mechanical Parts



 
Activity No. ___
Using the microscope correctly

I. Materials
Microscope
Slide and cover slip
Small letter “e”
Dropper with water

II. Procedure
A. Preparing the microscope for use
1. Remove the microscope from its case by grasping it firmly on the arm and base. Put on the table with the arm facing you.
2. Wipe off the mirror and lenses with a piece of soft cloth in one direction only.
3. Align the low power objective with the body tube by turning it. A clicking sound will be heard if it is in the proper position.
4. Turn the disk to the largest opening to be able to admit enough light.
5. Look into the eyepiece while you are adjusting the mirror until a clear field of light without any shadow is obtained.
B. Preparing the slide and using the microscope
1. Place the letter “e” at the middle of the glass slide and drop a little amount of water. Cover it with a cover slip.
2. Place the slide onto the stage. See to it that letter “e” is just under the low power objective. Secure the slide on place using the clips.
3. Look into the eyepiece as you slowly move the adjusting screw. Watch for the letter to be seen in the field. Bring the letter into sharp focus.
4. Turn the revolving nosepiece to change from low power objective to high power objective. Compare the appearance of letter “e”.

III. Observation
1. Draw letter “e” as seen under:

Low Power Objective High Power Objective

IV. Analysis
1. Compare the letter “e” when viewed under LPO and HPO.
2. Why is the microscope the most important tool you will use in biology?

Laboratory Apparatus and Equipments

Activity No. ___
Laboratory Apparatus and Equipments

I. Materials
Manila paper
Marking pen
Drawing materials

II. Procedure
1. Divide the class into 5 groups then assign them to look for the different laboratory apparatus and equipments and its uses.
2. On Manila paper, draw the laboratory apparatus and equipment given by the teacher.
3. Identify, give the name and uses of each apparatus.

III. Analysis
Draw, identify and give the uses of 15 laboratory apparatus and equipments.

Biotechnology Store

Activity No. ___

Biotechnology Store

I. Materials

Clipping or actual labels of biotechnology products

II. Procedure

1. On manila paper make a collage of the different biotech-based products OR make an artistic presentation such as diorama of a sari-sari store which displays the different merchandise.

2. Analyze each products with your group mates then present your work to the rest of the class.

III. Analysis

1. What is biotechnology?

2. What are some of the examples of biotechnology-based products?

3. What should you consider in buying biotech-based products?

4. What is life without biotechnology?

5. What are Genetically Modified (GM) crops?

6. What are the potential benefits of GM crops?

7. What are the potential risks of GM crops?

8. What is your opinion on the controversy over GM crops?

Some Filipino and world famous biologist and their contributions

Activity No. 4

Some Filipino and world famous biologist and their contributions

I. Materials

Biology books

II. Procedure

1. Small-Group Discussion

a. Research and discuss among each group members some of Filipino and foreign biologist, their recognition, field of study and their contributions.

2. Reporting Back

a. Write your group’s answers by filling out the table below.

III. Analysis

Name of Biologist	Recognition	Field of Study	Contributions
Filipino Biologist
Foreign Biologist